Attitudes toward social inequality in Canada and the USA

Are Canadians more egalitarian than Americans? Are they more troubled by the existence of various forms of social inequality – such as those between rich and poor, men and women, white and Black – and more inclined to look to government to address them?

city-life

What public opinion tells us about the political outlook for 2026

With a minority government in Ottawa, a federal election is possible at any time – triggered either deliberately or by accident. This encourages political observers to check opinion polls as often as regular people check the weather. | By Andrew Parkin

A person examines a piece of paper labeled Ballot Questions, highlighting the importance of ballot questions in voting. Logos for Focus Canada and Environics Institute appear, with 2025 Spring Series in the bottom right corner.

Ballot questions

As part of its Focus Canada public opinion research program (launched in 1976), the Environics Institute examined the ballot questions for the April 2025 federal election by asking voters to identify which issue was the most important to them personally in choosing which party to support.

A group of young children sits on the floor in a classroom, each focused on using a tablet. The engaged students, dressed in casual clothes, reflect how Strong Schools build a Stronger Future through quality Public Education.

Strong Schools, Stronger Future: What Canadians Expect from Public Education

To explore how Canadians view public education, the latest wave of the Survey on Employment and Skills asked Canadians two questions about schools in their communities. The first addressed the objectives that schools should have, and the second assessed school performance.

Red ladders reach toward a cloudy sky with text: Inter-generational Mobility in Canada, 2024 Update, alongside logos for Environics Institute, Rogers School, Diversity Institute, and Century Initiative. Focus Canada 2024 Series is also displayed.

Inter-generational Mobility in Canada

The 2024 survey finds that the proportions of Canadians who feel financially worse off today than their parents were at their age, and who feel that the next generation will be worse off than they are, are both trending upwards.

Aerial view of a suburban neighborhood with tree-lined streets highlights Housing Affordability. The text “FOCUS CANADA” appears in the top left, and “Housing Affordability” is written prominently across the bottom.

Housing Affordability

As immediate concern with the COVID-19 pandemic faded, new issues have appeared on the public’s agenda, the most prominent of which have been the cost of living and the affordability of housing.

Overhead view of an elderly person with a cane walking on a sidewalk alongside a younger person carrying a backpack, both casting long shadows—reflecting the generational perspectives in five public-opinion trends to watch in 2025.

The good and bad news from a public opinion researcher

Those of us who do public opinion research feel like we have the best seat in the house. The data we collect over the course of a year provide insights on how people are doing and what they are worried about.

Three young women sit attentively in a room; one wears a face mask. Text reads: “Canadian Youth: A social values perspective on identity, life aspirations, and engagement of Millennials and Gen Z.”.

Canadian Youth

A new national research project documents for the first time the social norms that govern how Canadians think about and act on different types of racial micro-aggressive actions directed at people who are Indigenous or Black.

Three people sit at a wooden table with laptops, notebooks, and drinks, smiling and laughing together in a casual, cozy setting that reflects diversity, equity and inclusion.

Young adults have been hit hard by the pandemic. The recovery must not leave them behind

After the optimism of the country’s centenary in 1967, one set of scholars published a group of essays entitled Must Canada Fail? In a similar fashion, the adoption of a new, made-in-Canada Constitution in 1982 was met with another classic academic volume: And No One Cheered.

A diverse group of young people gather around a table in discussion while one writes on a whiteboard. Overlaid text reads: “Canadian youth perspectives on democracy, global issues and civic engagement.”.

Canadian youth perspectives on democracy, global issues and civic engagement

This study covers a large and diverse population but it is nonetheless possible to draw from it a broad portrait of leading-edge Generation Z and Millennial Canadians.

Environics Institute for Survey Research

701-33 Bloor Street East
Toronto, ON M4W 3H1

info@environicsinstitute.org

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